Ọnụọgụ nke ọnụọgụ mgbanwe na-agbanwe na elu nke oke nri na Russia sitere na 20 g / cm2 na Severnaya Zemlya ruo 400 g / cm2 na ndị ọzọ na Kronotsky Peninsula, na oke ọdịda anyanwụ nke Altai na mkpọda ndịda nke Western Caucasus. Ikpe ikpe site na ngụkọta oge nke Atlas nke Snow na Ice Resources, mkpokọta kachasị n'ụwa na glaciers nke Pacific n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke ndịda Chile ruru 600 g / cm2.
Abkpụrụ nkwụsị na-adabere n'ọnọdụ ọnọdụ ihu igwe n'oge ọkọchị na elu nke glaciers na-amalite na nke ọ gbadara. Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ dị n'akụkụ elu nke glaciers kpebisiri ike site na ọnọdụ latitudinal na ịdị elu nke ugwu, mgbe ahụ oke nke glaciers ruru na-adaberekwa nha ha, ụdị enyemaka (ndagwurugwu nke ndagwurugwu) na, oke oke, na ọnụọgụ nchịkọta: nke ka ukwuu bụ, ka ha na-abanyekwu. glaciers na usoro kariksiri ike nke iwepu ire ha.
Glaciological etoju
Maka ókèala nke USSR, anyị jiri ụkpụrụ nke nkezi ikuku okpomọkụ na-agbaze na agbaze agbakọtara na ha maka ọkwa glaciological yiri (Fig. 5 ahọrọ dị ka ọkwa yiri:
- akara kachasị elu nke glaciers na usoro glacial;
- ịdị elu dị elu nke ebe a na-agbakọta na usoro glacial;
- nkezi ịdị elu dị oke nke oke nkwụghachi ụgwọ na sistemụ glacial;
- nkezi nke ịdị elu dị mkpụmkpụ nke ebe mgbatị na sistemụ glacial;
- ọnọdụ kachasị dị ala nke njedebe nke glacier na sistemu glacial. N'oge okpomọkụ okpomọkụ na-agbakọ n'ime akaụntụ ha vetikal grajentị na jụrụ mmetụta nke glaciers, nke na-abawanye na ha size.
Mgbanwe ikuku na-agbanwe
Igwe ikuku dị elu karịa ebe kachasị elu gbanwere site na 25 ° from: site na 4 Celsius na Western Altai na Kronotsky Peninsula na ọbụna 6 Celsius na "snowflake" glaciers nke Kuznetsk Alatau ruo -19 ° na Central Tien Shan (Pobeda Peak, Khan Tengri ), oyi karịa ndị Pamirs, n'ihi ọnọdụ ya dị northerly. N’ugwu ndị dị n’Ebe Etiti Eshia ọ na-ajụkarị ala karịa ebe ndị dị na Arctic, nakwa n’ebe mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ nke Altai na Kamchatka, mmiri kpụkọrọ akpụkọ na-ebili n’ọnọdụ dị ọkụ karịa n’ugwu ndịda nke ndịda Pamirs na Caucasus.
Oge okpomoku nke okpomoku di na etiti ebe a na-agbanwe site na 11 ° C: site na -5.5 Celsius na ugwu ugwu nke Trans-Alai Range rue 5.5 Celsius na mpaghara kachasi elu nke Western Altai na Kronotsky Peninsula. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu n'etiti etiti, ebe ebe nchịkọta anaghị ebili elu karịa njedebe nri.
