Ural na-emeri ezi ndị maara ihe nke ịma mma ya na oke ịma mma ya na akụnụba ya: osimiri ndị dị ọcha, ọdọ mmiri kristal, nsụda mmiri mara mma, ọgba ndị a na-akọwaghị. Anụmanụ nke Urals nke tundra, oke ohia na anumanu na-anọchi anya ya.
Ọnọdụ obibi ha, yana nkesa oke ala ha, dabere kpamkpam na oke ugwu na ugwu. Ofwa nke anụmanụ na Ural dị iche na mpaghara ndị ọzọ n'ọtụtụ anụ mammals na anụ ufe, gụnyere bustard, crane, ugo steppe, partridge, lark horn, harrier, belladonna.
Ural anụmanụ - ndị a bụ ndị nnọchi anya ụwa dị iche iche, nkọwa ha nwere ike were ogologo oge. N'ime usoro isiokwu a, anyị ga-atụle, ikekwe, ụmụ anụmanụ kachasị adọrọ mmasị na mpaghara a mara mma nke mba anyị.
Immụ anụmanụ nke Subpolar Urals
Subpolar Ural bu uzo kacha elu nke Ural a ma ama. Nke a bụ ebe kachasị elu ha - Ugwu Narodnaya. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, anụ ọhịa nke mpaghara a dara oke ogbenye. Nke bu eziokwu bu na mgbe ikpochapu ma kpochapu ihe nile buru oke anumanu, otu nnunu buru ibu no ebe a bu onye ozo, onye onu ogugu ya no na njedebe.
A na-ahụ lemmings, nkịta ọhịa Arctic, wolf, partridges, chipmunks, badgers na hares na mkpọda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Upo Subpolar. Agba bea na-ebikwa ebe a - ikike bụ isi nke anụmanụ ọ bụghị naanị mpaghara a, kama mba ahụ dum. Ndị nnọchi anya ụwa dị n'okpuru - pike, azụ asa, pyzhyan, chiiz.
Arctic
Nkịta Arctic bụ obere ndị ikwu nke nkịta ọhịa. Ogologo ha dịgasị site na 45 ruo 70 cm, na ịdị arọ ha sitere na 2 ruo 8 n'arọ.
Umu anumanu a nwere ntutu di ocha. Ajị anụ nke nkịta ọhịa Arctic na-eme ka anụmanụ dị mma n'ụzọ ihu igwe n'ụzọ zuru oke. Ha na-eri ihe ọ bụla ha hụrụ. N'oge ụnwụ, nkịta ọhịa ndị Arctic na-eri iberibe ụmụ anụmanụ ndị buru ibu.
Reindeer
I nwere ike izute ya oge niile. Imirikiti anụmanụ ndị a bụ anụ ụlọ ebe a. Ha bụ akụ na ụba ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu maka ụdị anụ ọhịa nke inyeaka, mgbe ahụ ndị a ụmụ anụmanụ nke Subpolar Urals ugbu a ọ fọrọ nke nta ka e kpochapụ ya kpamkpam.
Otutu ndi ugwu nke uwa a sitere na anumanu a di nma: onye na-enye azu na-enye mmadu nri na akpukpo aru nke uwe, o bukwara ezigbo uzo njem n’ime onodu uzo ugwu nke snow n’enweghi.
Na ogologo, anụmanụ ndị a ruru mita 2. Elu nke reindeer na akpọnwụ bụ mita 1. Uwe reindeer dị oke, ogologo, wavy. A na-acha agba aja aja na-acha aja aja na anụ ụlọ na isi awọ na anụ ọhịa.
Otu ihe puru iche nke reinde bu mpi obughi nani ndi nwoke, kamakwa n'ime nwanyi. Reindeer hooves dị obosara, nke na-enye ha ohere ịghara ịdaba na snow. Nke a apụtaghị na nne na-ama mma dị ka ndị ikwu ha, mgbada na-acha uhie uhie. Reindeer nwere ụkwụ dị mkpụmkpụ, obere ọdụ, ma ụmụ nwoke na-enwe ọdụ mgbe ụfọdụ na agba agba.
Okwesiri ighota na onye na-azu ulo bu ihe omuma. Anumanu a na - adi ndu mgbe nile: obere nlekọta nke onye nwe ya - na onye mpako, nke mara mma nke nwere ụlọ na-agba ọsọ ọzọ.
O di nwute, onye ozo nwere ike iketa oke oge nke musk ehi, inyinya ohia, bison na saigas, nke nwere otu rhinos na-acha uhie uhie na prehistoric na mammoths niile a ma ama bi na tundra en masse.
Anumanu nke Ural South
Ọ na-agwakọta ọhịa, ahịhịa na ahịhịa na ahịhịa tundra. Mba bara ụba nke ahịhịa nke Southern Urals emeela ka ụmụ obere na obere anụmanụ dịrị ndụ n’ókèala a. Karịsịa, ndị nnọchi anya mpaghara steppe bi ebe a: voles, squirrels ground, jerboas, hamsters, steppe marmots.
Anumanu nke Ural South ndị wolverines, bea bea, squirrel, pola foxes, sables, hazel grouses, grouses osisi, larks horned na ọbụna reinde nọchiri anya ya. O siri ike ikwere, mana onye nnọchi anya mpi nke Subpolar Urals kwagara mpaghara ndịda na-eso mmegharị ahịhịa.
Agba aja agba
Anumanu ndia di ebe nile, ma obu ihe oma odighi anya ichota ha. Ibu ibu nke nwoke toro eto dịgasị site na 3 ruo 5 quintals. Ke ofụri ofụri, bear bụ onye nnọchiteanya zuru ebe nile nke anụmanụ, ọ bụghị naanị n'etiti anụmanụ nke Southern Urals, mana n'ozuzu n'etiti ihe niile anụmanụ nke Urals.
Site n'ụzọ, ọ na-esi ike ịkpọ anụ ọhịa bea anụ ọhịa. Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na ndị a furry heavyweights bụ omnivores: ha na-eri nri na ma anụ na azụ, yana mmanụ a honeyụ na ọhịa ọhịa.
N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, agba aja aja na-enweta subcutaneous abụba na hibernate. Anụ bea nke na-enwetabeghị abụba site n'ọdịda ma rahụ ụra maka oge oyi na-aghọ cranks. South Ural aja aja bea, dị ka ndị ọzọ na agba aja aja bea, iru dens na akọrọ elu - n'okpuru gbagọrọ agbagọ osisi mgbọrọgwụ.
Sable
N'etiti ụmụ anụmanụ nke mpaghara a nwere ike ịkọwapụta nke a na-akpọ "pearl nke taị Siberia" - sable. Anumanu a bu mpako mba nke Russia, ebe obu na oge nke alaeze Russia o bu ihe ndabere nke aku na uba nke ala. Ọ bụ onye obi ike ma na-egbu mmụọ. Anụmanụ nwere ike ịga ebe dị anya ọtụtụ kilomita ruo otu ụbọchị. O ji obi ya rịgoro n’elu osisi, ma ọ na-ejegharị n’elu ala.
Anumanu a na-achu nta n'uzo di iche. O nwere ike, dị ka pusi, na-anọdụ ala ma chebe òké ahụ, ma ọ bụ na ọ nwere ike iji isi ike chụso mgbada ahụ site na snow ruo mgbe ọ ga-apụ. Isi nri nke sable bụ obere òké. Sable na-achụ nta nnụnụ buru ibu, azụ, squirrel, na ọbụna ndị ikwu ya pere mpe - ermine na Siberia weasel. Sable na-erikwa mkpụrụ osisi nke lingonberry, bluuberi, ugwu uyi, pine cones.
Immụ anụmanụ nke Middle Urals
Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara dum nke Middle Urals dị na mpaghara oke ọhịa. Anụmanụ na anụ ọhịa bi ya, na-emezigharị nke ịdị adị n'ọhịa coniferous: wolverines, columns, sables, chipmunks, black grouse, grouse wood, hazel grouse. Enweghị nnukwu anụmanụ, ma e wezụga moose. Ma ewerela elks n'okpuru nchebe n'ihi mbelata nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ha.
Na eriri elu ugwu nke Middle Urals, ị nwere ike ịhụ anụ ọhịa, anụ ọhịa bea, martens, lynxes, squirrel, hares ọcha, elks, moles, ikwiikwii ugo, ndị na-egbu osisi, bullfinches, nnụnnụ tit, cuckoos bi na taiga. N'ime oke ohia nke Middle Urals, amphibians na ihe nākpu akpu di ole-na-ole: frogs grass, vipers vivers, viviparous lizards.
N'ime ohia-steppe mpaghara nke Middle Urals, ị nwere ike izute anụ ọhịa wolf, nkịta ọhịa, nkịta ọhịa, ermines, weasels, hawks. Ndị European minks, otters, na voles mmiri na-ebi n'akụkụ mmiri na ndagwurugwu. Na swamps ị nwere ike ịhụ nsị mmiri: ọbọgwụ, geese ọhịa, partridges, sandpipers.
N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Middle Urals, e nwere ndị nnọchi anya nke oke ọhịa osisi: choir ọhịa, hedgehogs, badgers, hares, orioles, finches, nightingales, goldfinches, siskins, starlings and rooks. Na-akpụ akpụ na amphibians na-anọchi anya ebe a site toads, newts na ndị na-abụghị venomous agwọ.
Lynx
Onye nnọchi anya na-egbuke egbuke ụmụ anụmanụ nke Middle Urals - lynx. Nnukwu pusi a akarịghị oke nkịta, ọ karịrị mita 1 n'ogologo, ịdị arọ ya anaghị agafe kilogram 17. Dika ihe ndi oka mmuta nke Siberia na Ural siri kwue, muyn lynx na-adi nma nke oma: mesentery siri ike nke n’eme ka onu ya di nma, nti amara na tassels na mpako.
Ewoo, naanị muzzle ka a na-ahụta ka amara na lynx. Ahụ nke pusi a anaghị eme nnukwu mmasi: ụkwụ ụkwụ dị ogologo, nke dị n'ihu dị mkpụmkpụ, ọdụ dị obere, dị ka a ga-asị na ebipụla ya. Na mgbakwunye, lynx nwere ụkwụ sara mbara. Ọdịdị ahụ na-enweghị isi dị ukwuu na-eweta lynx nnukwu uru: a na-emegharị anụmanụ ahụ n'ụzọ zuru oke ọ bụghị naanị kwa ụbọchị, kamakwa ọnọdụ ibi ndụ ugwu siri ike.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọpụpụ dị iche iche na-enyere anụmanụ a aka ịnọgide na snow mgbe ha na-achụ isi anụ oriri - oke bekee. Ntị lynx abụghị naanị ịchọ mma, kama ọ bụ ụdị mpi ntanetị nke na-enyere pusi aka ịnụ ụda dị jụụ.
Lynx bụ eziokwu anụ ọhịa nke Ural... N'okpuru okike, o yikarịrị ka ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịhụ pusi a. Nke bu eziokwu bu na lynxes bu ihe ndi ekere eke; ha na achu nta n'isi ututu ma obu na nghechi nke ubochi. Lynxes, dị ka agụ, bụ ndị dinta dinta. Ebe ịchụ nta bụ mpaghara akara akara.
Oke bekee na oke bekee nke Europe
Typesdị panti ogologo ntị abụọ ahụ dị ụmụ anụmanụ nke Middle Urals... Hares abụọ ahụ nwere agba aja aja-agba ntụ n'oge ọkọchị, na n'oge oyi, oke bekee na-acha ọcha na-agbanwe uwe mwụda ya na nke na-acha ọcha snow. Rusak na-anọgide na-acha ntụ-agba aja aja n'afọ niile. Belyaks, dịka iwu, bụ ndị bi n'oké ọhịa, ebe hares bụ ndị bi na steepes na ubi.
oke oyibo
N’ehihie, oke bekee na-ehi ụra, n’abalị kwa, ọ na-achọ nri. Egwu a na-anụ ogologo oge na-ata osisi. Ndị ọkacha mmasị ya "ndị metụtara" bụ nwata aspen, birch, willow. White hawks na-adị mfe ịgafe na snow miri emi. Mgbe oke bekee na-awụli elu, ya, dị ka osa, na-eweta ụkwụ ụkwụ ya n'ihu.
A naghị anabata hares ndị Europe n'oge oyi ka ha ha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe snow mbụ dara n'ala, oke bekee enweghị ike ịbịaru ihe ọkụkụ oge oyi, ọ ga-awakwuru ndị mmadụ n'ubi na n'ubi akwụkwọ nri - iji rie steeji kabeeji. Ọ bụrụ na enweghi stumps, aja aja na-agba ọsọ na ọsọ ọsọ gaa haystacks. Ọtụtụ mgbe anụmanụ ndị a na-emerụ osisi apụl na-eto eto site na ịta ụgbụgbọ ha.
oke oyibo
Anumanu nke Ural Ugwu
Territorykèala nke Ural Ugwu kpuchitere oke ọhịa taiga, swamps na ala ahịhịa juru. Anumanu nke Ural Ugwu - ndia bu umu anumanu nke oke ohia nke Europe na nke Siberia. Ndị nnọchi anya otu ụdị Arctic na-ebukarị na ugwu.
Na taiga nke Urals nke Ugwu, anụ ọhịa bea, aja aja aja, nkịta ọhịa, elks, reindeer, lynxes, wolverines, ermines, beavers, grouses ojii, capercaillies, hazel grouses, ọbọgwụ, partridges dị. Ọzọkwa, martens, sables, weasels, obe n'etiti marten na sable - kiduses, otters, emegharịwo n'ọnọdụ siri ike North Ural. Otter na ewi - ụmụ anụmanụ na-adịghị ahụkebe nke Ural.
N'ime oke ohia nke Middle Urals, ị nwere ike ịnụ crossbill na nutcracker. Nnukwu ebe a bụ ma eleghị anya otu n’ime ndị nnọchi anya mpaghara a. N'elu osisi ị ga-ahụ ọmarịcha mma - mpako na isi iwu nke oke ọhịa - ndị na-egbu osisi.
Anụmanụ nke mpaghara a na-anọchikwa anya site na obere obere oke. N'ebe a ị nwere ike ịchọta oke, oke ọhịa, na ụmụ oke. Umu anumanu pere mpe n'uwa - shrews - bi na ndo nke ogwe osisi.
Wolverine
Onye nnọchianya a nke iwu nke anụmanụ ndị na-eri anụ natara aha a ma ama "glutton", "skonku bear", "mmụọ ọjọọ nke ugwu". Wolverines bụ ndị kacha nwee obi ọjọọ ma sie ike ịchụ nta nke ezinụlọ weasel. N’èzí, anụmanụ ndị a dị ka obere anụ ọhịa bea nwere ọdụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. N’ogologo, wolverines anaghị ebufe 1 mita, ma tụọ ihe karịrị kilogram iri na ise.
N'agbanyeghị oke ha, ụmụ anụmanụ ndị a nwere ike ịkwatu anụ ọhịa wolf ma ọ bụ dọọ onye lynx okenye n'elu osisi na-ata naanị otu nri. Wolverine nwere ike ijide enyi ma ọ bụ elk, wụ na azụ anụmanụ a wee jiri isi ike taa ya n'olu ruo mgbe ozu buru ibu nke ụkwụ ya wara wara daa.
Ọzọkwa, menu wolverine bụ squirrels, hares, nkịta ọhịa. Ndị na-eri anụ a nwere ike ịnya isi maka ịkwafu ọbara naanị n'oge oyi. N'oge ọkọchị, wolverines na-eme obi umeala karịa ụdị nri ha na-eri: ha na-eripịa anụ, akwa nke nnụnụ, larvae ahụhụ, na mgbe ụfọdụ, yana agba aja aja, na-eri nri na mkpụrụ, mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ osisi.
Middendorf vole
Enwere ike ịchọta obere anumanu a site n'usoro nke oke na moss bogs na north Ural tundra. Ogologo nke ahụ ya bụ cm 13, ogologo ọdụ ahụ bụ cm 3.5. N'oge ọkọchị, vod Middendorf na-eri nri osisi na akwụkwọ, ma n'oge oyi, akụkụ mgbọrọgwụ.
Maka oge oyi, ha na-eme nkwadebe nke rhizomes. Voles, dị ka a na-achị, na-ewu akwụ́ na osisi bluuberi na n'ọhịa nke kapeeti birch n'ebe dị ala.
Elk
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị Ural bụ ndị a na-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche na-enweghị onye ukwu sitere na ezinụlọ mgbada - elk. A naghị ahụkarị nnukwu artiodactyls a nwere ụkwụ abụọ na oke ugwu Ural ugwu ugwu. Ogologo ahụ nke nwoke toro eto dịkarịa ala mita 3, na ogo ya na akpọnwụ ruru mita 2.7. Ndị Refeyim a dị site na 2.5 ruo 5.8 centners.
E nwere ọtụtụ mpi mpi nwere mpi buru ibu nke ụmụ nwaanyị na-enweghị. Dị ka ọ dị n'oge ochie, n'oge a, ha na-anwa ime ka Moose. E nwere ọbụna ugbo moose pụrụ iche na Russia ebe a na-azụ ndị a artiodactyl Refeyim. Na, m ga-ekweta, ọ bụghị n'efu.
Anụmanụ ndị a adịchaghị mma: ụkwụ ụkwụ ha mere ka ọ dị gịrịgịrị ma e jiri ha tụnyere ahụ ha buru ibu. A naghị ahụkarị ọdụ dị mkpụmkpụ. Ntị nke moose ahụ buru ibu, anya dịkwa obere. Imi na-emebi ume na pendulous, n'olu enwere akpụkpọ anụ dị nro - "ọla ntị". N'agbanyeghị ọdịdị a, elk bụ onye kachasị ukwuu nke ezinụlọ mgbada na nna ukwu a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha nke oke ọhịa na apịtị.
Immụ anụmanụ nke Akwụkwọ Uhie nke Urals
Dịka, Akwụkwọ Red nke Urals adịghị adị. Mpaghara nke ọ bụla nwere Akwụkwọ nke ya. Na ụkpụrụ, ọ naghị esiri ike ịmepụta ndepụta nke ụdị anụmanụ ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ maka Ural niile n'ozuzu ya, mana ọ ga-agbakwunye obere na ndekọ mpaghara, na iji nye aka enyemaka bara uru, ọ ka ga-adị mkpa ilekwasị anya na ụkpụrụ mpaghara.
Immụ anụmanụ nke Akwụkwọ Uhie nke Urals - ndị a bụ ụsụ (bat bat, baleen bat, bat pond, north kozhok, wdg), na òké (squirrel na-efe efe, ogige dormouse, Dzungarian hamster, lemming ọhịa, nnukwu jerboa, hamster isi awọ). Ka anyị tụlee ụfọdụ ụdị na nkọwa zuru ezu.
Anụ ọhịa hedgehog
Edepụtara onye nnọchi anya nke anụmanụ nke ụmụ ahụhụ na Red Book nke Sverdlovsk Region. Animalsmụ anụmanụ ndị a na-eri ọtụtụ ụmụ ahụhụ na slugs, nke dị egwu maka oke ọhịa na ogige ubi.
Nsu a na-enwekarị bụ, ikekwe, otu n’ime anụmanụ ole na ole na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịbịaru ya nso. Ma nke a na-eme, n'ụzọ ọ bụla, n'ihi na hedgehog bụ onye nwere obi ike, mana n'ihi anya adịghịzi mma. Ya mere, hedgehogs na-ahọrọ ịdabere na isi ha. Ma imi ha na-akụda ha mgbe mgbe: ọ bụrụ na ifufe fe na-abụghị akụkụ ya, anụmanụ ndị a enweghị ike ịghọta ịbịakwute mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ bịakwutere ha.
Insemụ ahụhụ ndị a na-achụ nta n’abalị. Na ichu nta, oke hedgehog bụ anụ ọhịa na-agba mbọ ma na-eme ngwa ngwa. Anumanu ahu abughi nani ikpochapu umu ojoo, ma o nweghi obi uto iri agwo nsi. Site n'ụzọ, nsi nke ajụala enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla na hedgehog nkịtị.
N’agbanyeghi ogwu ya, oke a enweghi ike itu onu maka nchebe zuru oke site na ndi iro, nke o nwere otutu: ikwiikwii buru ibu, ikwiikwii ugo, egbe, nkịta ọhịa na, n’ezie, nwoke nke mere ihe niile iji mee ka ndi mmadu a banye n’enwe nsogbu.
Muskrat
Ihe mmadu bu, ya bu anyaukwu nke ndi mmadu, bu ihe kpatara umu anumanu a ji nwuchapu. Mgbe onu ogugu ndi mmadu ha no na nke kwesiri, ekwesiri ikpochapu ndi desman n'ihi akwa mara mma na nke bara uru. Zụlite muskrat maka otu nzube ahụ nyere aka n'ịchụpụ desman site na ebe obibi ha.
Nwamba pusi
Anumanu a na Red Book nke mpaghara Orenburg ekenyela udi ihe dighi oke egwu №3. Ihe nwamba nwamba ndi ozo bu nnunu na obere òké. Oge oge oyi, dịka ị maara, bụ oge siri ike maka anụ ọhịa nke Ural. Nwamba ndi ozo, n'enweghi anu ohia, puru ighari na mmadu iji rita ha ugwo.
Mink Europe
Dabere na Book Data Book nke Chelyabinsk Mpaghara, a gụnyere European mink na udi nke 1, yana na Red Data Book of Bashkortostan, anụmanụ a pụtara na ngalaba Nke abụọ. Ọ bụ ihe ijuanya na European mink anọghị na Red Data Book of the Perm Territory.
