Uniquekèala pụrụ iche dị na North Caucasus, nke gụnyere ebe nchekwa kachasị ochie sitere na mpaghara echekwara na ahịhịa na anụmanụ. Ebe nchekwa Caucasian nwere ngalaba isii: Western, Southern, Northern, Eastern, Khostinsky na South-Eastern. Na mpaghara a, a na-eji nkà jikọtara mpaghara ihu igwe dị iche iche, ya bụ: ihu igwe na ọnọdụ ihu igwe. Isi ogbe mpaghara bu obi ya. Ọ na-agbatị ruo ọtụtụ narị kilomita ma nwee ogo dị elu nke mita 3345 n'elu elu mmiri. A na-akpọ elu pụrụ iche Tsakhvoa.
General njirimara nke idobere
Enwere ike ịkpọ nchekwa nchekwa Caucasian ọzọ dị ịtụnanya ọzọ. N'ala ya, e nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ọgba na glaciers. Mpako nke ebe a bu karst caves - oghere di n'okpuru ala, nke na-abawanye karia n'ihi leaching nke nkume soluble. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 2% nke ngụkọta nke ebe a na-edebe osimiri na ọdọ mmiri. Mmiri mmiri bara ụba na ihe ndị dị ndụ ma na-adọrọ mmasị na ịma mma ha na iche iche ha. Osimiri kachasị ọsọ na ọsọ ọsọ bụ Sochi, Shakhe, Belaya Zakan na Mzymta.
E hiwere ebe a na North Caucasus na 1924. Mgbe afọ 55 gachara, ndị nnọchi anya UNESCO kpebiri itinye ókèala ahụ na ndepụta nke biosphere. Taa a na-ewere ebe nchekwa ahụ dị ka ebe nchekwa nyocha. Na mgbakwunye na ichebe obere osisi na anụmanụ, yana ichekwa ụdị ndị nnọchi anya oge ochie nke ahịhịa na osisi, a na-arụ ọrụ sayensị na mpaghara ya. Ọnọdụ pụrụ iche na-enye ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ohere ịchọta ihe ọhụrụ banyere mmalite nke ụdị dị iche iche.
Oche Caucasian na eserese
Ifuru na umu anumanu
Ifuru na osisi nke Caucasian Reserve bara ọgaranya ma dịkwa iche iche. Ihe kariri umu 3000 nke osisi sitere na mpaghara, n'etiti 165 bu osisi na osisi, nke 142 deciduous, 16 - evergreen and deciduous, na 7 - conifers.
Onye na-anọchi anya osisi flora, nke a na-ahụkarị na mpaghara nke idobere, bụ beri yew. Oge ndụ nke osisi ruru afọ 2500, dayameta ruru mita 4. O di nwute, ogbugbo, mkpuru osisi, ogwu, nkpuru osisi na osisi bu nsi.
Berry yé
Na mpaghara nke idobere ahụ, ị nwere ike ịhụ okooko osisi ndị edepụtara na Red Book. Na mkpokọta, enwere ihe dị ka ụdị 55 nke obere osisi ma ọ bụ dị egwu. Mpaghara ahụ bara ụba na ahịhịa nke ezinụlọ anụ ahụ, yana ero, nke nwere ụdị 720. N'ime ha bụ n'ezie ihe nlele na-emetụta ihe atụ, ndị nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke mpaghara ebe okpomọkụ na okpuru mmiri.
Taa ụmụ anụmanụ ndị a na-ebi na ebe nchekwa Caucasian: ụdị 89 nke mammals, 248 - nnụnụ, 21 - azụ, 15 - na-akpụ akpụ, 9 - amphibians, yana cyclostomes, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụmụ ebu na ihe karịrị ụmụ ahụhụ 10,000.
Ndị nnọchi anya kachasị ukwuu
Ndị nnọchi anya kasịnụ nke fauna bụ bison, red deer, bea bea, European roe deer, lynx na chamois. Bison bonasus nwere nlebara anya pụrụ iche site na ndị ọbịa na ndị ọrụ nchekwa, ebe a kwenyere na e kere ogige ahụ kpọmkwem maka nchekwa ha. Anụmanụ ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe anaghị ahụkarị ndị njem anya, ebe a na-ahụ ha site na ị atta ntị na ịmụrụ anya. Ndị buru ibu na-agbalị izere ụmụ mmadụ.
Bison
Noble mgbada
Agba aja agba
Mgbada Europe
Lynx
Chamois
N'otu oge ahụ, a na-ahụkarị passerines na falconiformes na nchekwa. Falgons Peregrine, igwe ojii ojii nke Caucasian, vritures griffon ka a na-ahụta dị ka ndị nnọchi anya ama ama nke nnụnụ.
Peregrine agụ nkwọ
Nwa ojii Caucasian
Griffon udele
Asia Minor newt na-anọchi Herpetofauna, obe Caucasian na ajụala Kaznakov.
