Iwu iwu ụlọ: ụkpụrụ na ihe achọrọ, usoro mmepe, ebumnuche

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Mwube na usoro niile metụtara ya (nwughari, mbibi, nyocha, ihe owuwu) na-etinye ụmụ amaala na ihe onwunwe ha ihe egwu. Maka ebumnuche nchekwa, usoro ọ bụla nke teknụzụ na-achịkwa steeti. Maka ebumnuche a, a na-emepe ụkpụrụ teknụzụ (TR), nke metụtara maka itinye ya na ogbugbu ya. Akwụkwọ a nwere iwu ndị bụ isi maka usoro ọrụaka. Ndị niile nwere mmasị nwere ike isonye na mmepe nke ụkpụrụ ọrụ aka - nke a bụ mgbakwunye ọzọ nke nchekwa nke usoro ihe owuwu ahụ na njirimara nke nyocha ahụ.

Mmepe nke ụkpụrụ dabere na:

  • Iwu Federal Iwu 184 "Na Nka na ụzụ" (nwere opekempe na nchekwa izugbe maka mpaghara ọrụ niile).
  • Iwu Federal Nke 384 "Nka na ụzụ maka nchekwa nke ụlọ na ihe owuwu" (nwere ụkpụrụ na ihe achọrọ maka mmepe nke iwu na iwu ihe, na-eburu n'uche ihe akọwapụtara nke ọrụ ahụ).

Iwu Federal Iwu Nke 384 anaghị emetụta ụlọ ọrụ ndị arụnyere, nwere nrụzi ma ọ bụ nrụzigharị tupu nnabata nke TR. Nakwa ụlọ na ihe owuwu ndị anaghị achọ ka steeti ha si arụ ọrụ.

Nzube nke oru oru

Mmepe nke usoro nka na iwu bu iwu maka iwu ulo obula, na eme nyocha, ulo oru, mmebi. Ebumnuche nke akwụkwọ ahụ:

  • Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi (anụmanụ na ahịhịa na ebe obibi ha).
  • Nchedo ahụike ọha na eze.
  • Nchedo ihe onwunwe (steeti, ọchịchị, nkeonwe).
  • Iji akụ na ụma.
  • Nchedo nke ndị na-azụ ihe nke ihe owuwu site na aghụghọ.

Nka na ụzụ ụkpụrụ maka owuwu nwere ike ịgbakwunye na ukwuu pụrụ iche na nzube. Ndị ọkachamara nke ụlọ ọrụ "GEOExpert" ga-enyere aka ịzụlite TR na ebumnuche zuru oke.

Ihe ndị na-ewu ihe na-ada n'okpuru usoro ọrụ aka:

  • Ihe owuwu niile.
  • Usoro ihe owuwu (gụnyere mmepe ala, atụmatụ, mmepe, nyocha, imewe, mmezi, nwughari na nrụzigharị, mmebi).
  • Ngwaahịa nwetara n'oge iwu (ụlọ, nkwukọrịta).

Ezubere TR iji hụ na nchekwa nke ụmụ amaala na ihe onwunwe ha na ọkwa niile nke usoro iwu ahụ: site na iwu ihe ruo mkpofu.

Iwu chọrọ

TR Ihe dị na TR nwere ike ịnwe obere esemokwu n'ihi njirimara nke ihe ndị ahụ, mana ọ ga-enyerịrịrịrị ịnye:

  • Mechanical nchekwa. Ọdịdị ahụ kwesịrị ịdị ike ma kwụsie ike ma jigide iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ya n'okpuru nrụpụta oke mmetụta.
  • Nchebe ọkụ nke ụmụ amaala na ihe onwunwe.
  • Nchebe maka ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha maka mpaghara ahụ (ala ọma jijiji, mbuze, idei mmiri).
  • Nchebe maka ahụike nke ụmụ amaala.
  • Nchedo na nnweta maka ndị nwere obere agagharị.
  • Nchedo okporo ụzọ n'ime okirikiri ihe ahụ.
  • Udo maka usoro okike.
  • Nchekwa ihe omuma na ike nke ike.
  • Nchebe site na radieshon, mkpọtụ, kemịkal na ihe ndị na-emetọ ndụ.

Usoro mmepe TR

A na-eme mmepe na nkuchi nke TR na ọkwa mpaghara dịka otu ọkọlọtọ si dị:

  1. Nkwadebe nke ederede nke ụkpụrụ (onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịme ya yana ndị niile nwere mmasị na nchekwa ụlọ).
  2. Mara ndị niile nwere mmasị na ederede nke ụkpụrụ site na mbipụta na mbipụta e bipụtara nke Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation.
  3. Mgbanwe na-echebara ihe ndị a kwuru echiche.
  4. Ime mkpebi ọkachamara dabere na nsonaazụ mkparịta ụka ahụ. N'oge a, enwere ike ịme akụ na ụba nke ọrụ a, ịdị irè nke ndokwa nke TR, nsonaazụ akụ na ụba na nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, a na-enyocha nrubeisi nke ụkpụrụ mba na nke obodo.
  5. Nkwado iwu nke TR.

Onye mmepe ahụ ejiri akwụkwọ a kwadoro dị ka ihe ndabere maka usoro teknụzụ ọ bụla na-ewu.

Ibu ọrụ maka enweghị nkwenye na ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ

A na-achịkwa nkwenye na ụkpụrụ ọrụ aka na Nkeji edemede 9.4 nke Usoro Nchịkwa nke Russian Federation. Imebi ntaramahụhụ TR gụnyere n'ụdị nchịkwa nchịkwa ma ọ bụ kwụsịtụ ọrụ maka oge maka ụbọchị 60, ọ bụrụ na ọ mebiri ugboro ugboro - ruo ụbọchị 90. Iji nwee ike ịhazi usoro nyocha na ngalaba steeti ma nwee ike ime maka onye nrụpụta ahụ, mmepe ya ga-enyefe ndị ọkachamara.

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